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Pouvez-vous m'indiquer mes fautes sv
Message de thedoci posté le 29-10-2008 à 15:22:28 (S | E | F)
Bonjour,
je dois faire un exposé oral en anglais, sur le thème qu'on veut. J'ai choisi la Formule 1.
Pouvez-vous me corriger la fiche que je lirai svp ?
(Je met le fichier word en téléchargement parce que le nombre de caractères autorisés dans ce post est limité)
Lien Internet
Merci d'avance
PS : vous pouvez me dire aussi si vous trouvez que des passages sont mal expliqués ;)
Message de thedoci posté le 29-10-2008 à 15:22:28 (S | E | F)
Bonjour,
je dois faire un exposé oral en anglais, sur le thème qu'on veut. J'ai choisi la Formule 1.
Pouvez-vous me corriger la fiche que je lirai svp ?
(Je met le fichier word en téléchargement parce que le nombre de caractères autorisés dans ce post est limité)
Lien Internet
Merci d'avance
PS : vous pouvez me dire aussi si vous trouvez que des passages sont mal expliqués ;)
Réponse: Pouvez-vous m'indiquer mes fautes sv de thedoci, postée le 29-10-2008 à 17:11:59 (S | E)
Re, je met le texte ici, car certains peuvent ne pas vouloir télécharger un fichier .doc (et je m'aperçois qu'il n'y a pas de limite de caractères en éditant ^^)
I. History and presentation
Formula One was created in 1920s, but the first drivers’ world championship race was in 1950, in Silverstone. The constructors’ championship has been created in 1958.
Since 1950 there have been 29 different world champions. The most titled is Michael Schumacher, who is 7 times world champion.
Formula One is regulated by an association called FIA (Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile) which was created in Paris in 1904.
Its role in Formula One is to make the rules and to make sure they are applied.
Another association has an important role in F1, the FOA (Formula One Administration), actually directed by Bernie Ecclestone. This association has all Formula One commercial rights. The FOA decides which circuits will be integrated to the championship, and it also controls the media distribution and TV transmission. FOA currently receives 23% of TV revenues, teams 47% and FIA 30%.
2008’s teams ordered by 2007 results are : were Ferrari (the only constructor in Formula One since 1950), BMW, Renault, Williams powered by Toyota, Red Bull powered by Renault, Toyota, Toro Rosso powered by Ferrari, Honda, Super Aguri powered by Honda, Force India powered by Ferrari and McLaren powered by Mercedes.
11 teams, so 22 drivers.
Super Aguri abandonned before the fifth Grand Prix, because of financial problems.
II. Races procedure and rules
Actually there are about 18 races per championship.
A race week-end starts on Friday morning with the first free practice. From 10 o’clock to 11:30. A second free practice starts at 14 o’clock until 15:30.
Those free practices are used to set up the cars.
Then, on Saturday from 11 o’clock to midday there is the last free practice.
Qualifying starts at 14 o’clock and is divided in 3 parts :
- during the first part, called Q1, all drivers try to set the fastest lap they can during 20 minutes. At the end of Q1 the first 15 drivers are qualifying for Q2. Others will start the race at the position they currently have.
Fuel quantity is free during Q1, so teams generally put fuel into cars for only 4 – 5 laps.
- Q2 is similar to Q1, but the slowest 5 drivers are eliminated.
Drivers have 15 minutes to qualify.
Fuel quantity is free, as during Q1.
- At the beginning of Q3 teams have to put fuel for the race. So some cars are lighter than others because of strategies chosen by teams.
10 minutes.
After qualifying cars go into the parc fermé until the race, and technical controls are done. Q3 drivers can’t change their fuel quantity, unlike Q1 and Q2 drivers who can choose their strategy until the race day, because they ran Q1 and Q2 without enough fuel for the race.
On Sunday, teams can take their cars back to their garages, but are not allowed to modify them. A steward is affected to each car to make sure teams respect the rules.
Starting procedure :
15 minutes before the race start, the 5 lights are red, and the pitlane is closed (so drivers who are not placed on the grid must start the race from the pits).
At less 10 minutes the first light lights out.
At less 5 minutes the second light lights out.
At less 3 minutes the third light lights out. At this time, tyres must be attached to the car. If not, the driver can have a penalty during the race.
At less 1 minute, engines must be running.
At less 30 secondes, all team personnel must have left the grid.
When all the 5 red lights are out, green lights are illuminated. Drivers can start the formation lap. During this lap it is forbidden to overtake, and drivers try to warm up their tyres.
At the end of this lap, cars come back to the grid on their respective qualifying positions.
When all cars are in position, the race procedure can begin. Each second a red light is illuminated, and when they are all illuminated a steward can start the race by extinguishing all red lights.
If, for some reasons, the starting procedure must be interrupted, all the 5 red lights and 2 orange lights blinking are illuminated.
In each race the first 8 drivers win points. The winner receives 10 pts, the second 8 pts, the third 6 pts, the fourth 5 pts, etc., and the eight 1 pt.
Constructors also win points. It’s calculated by adding his 2 drivers’ points.
Race marshalls use flags to communicate with drivers. They probably will be replaced by lights in drivers’ cokpits and on track borders because of the danger the stewards are exposed (several race marshalls were killed by tyres or debris after collisions).
Flags :
Danger flags
The most important is the yellow flag :
- a single yellow flag indicates a danger such as debris on the track. Drivers have to slow down and not to overtake.
- two waved yellow flags indicate a big danger. Drivers must prepare to stop if necessary and not to overtake.
- a yellow flag combined with a SC board indicates that the safety car has been entered onto the track.
The green flag is used after a yellow flag to indicate the track is clear.
The red flag significates that the race must be stopped, for exemple when it is a very big accident. The race director is the only person who can order to use this flag.
The blue flag is shown to a lapped driver to indicate that a faster car will overtake him. So he has to let him pass.
The yellow-red flag indicates that there will be oil or water on the track. This flag is followed by a green flag.
The white flag is a kind of specific yellow flag. It indicates there is a slow car ahead.
Penalty flags (all shown with a car number)
The black and white flag tells a driver he has had an anti-sportsman behaviour.
The black flag indicates that the driver must stop his race at the pits within 1 lap.
The black flag with an orange disc indicates there is a problem on the car. The driver must return to pits immediately. Once the problem is solved, he can go back to the race.
The chequered flag indicates the end of the race.
Here is an example on a track :
(Schéma)
